How Are Events Related? As you read, think about how some events relate to other events in the text. When writers want to explain how one thing affects another, they often use a cause-and-effect structure to organize their writing.

• • A cause is why something happens. An effect is what happens.

• • Sometimes a cause has more than one effect, or an effect has more than one cause.

• • Sometimes one effect can be the cause of another effect.

Practice Together

Relate Causes and Effects Read the passage and relate a cause with an effect.

A Cause-and-Effect Chain shows how one event relates to another. Reread the passage. Find a second effect. Add it to the chain.

Cause-and-Effect Chain

Try It!

Make a Cause-and-Effect Chain With a partner, create another Cause-and-Effect Chain. Reread the section titled “Campaign Skateboard Park” on page 530. Find an effect for this cause: “The teens started a campaign to get support for a skateboarding park.” Then find a second effect that results from the first effect. Add both effects to the chain.