• Grammar see also Writing & Grammar

  • adjectives 206, 207, 225, 228, 229, 247, 417

    • comparative 228, 229, 247

    • demonstrative 225

    • possessive 417

    • predicate 225

  • adverbs 250, 251, 271

  • capitalization 8, 44

  • clauses 540

    • dependent 515, 540, 559

    • independent 518, 540, 559

  • conjunctions 518, 537, 540, 559

  • modifiers see adjectives, adverbs

  • nouns 70, 71, 85, 152, 153, 171, 356, 357, 450, 489

    • plural 70, 71, 85

    • possessive 398, 399, 417

    • precise 85

    • singular 70, 71

  • phrases 450, 451, 467, 515

    • participial 489

    • prepositional 450, 451, 467

  • predicates 88, 89, 103, 356, 376, 500, 501, 515

  • prepositions 428, 429, 447, 450, 451

  • pronouns 132, 133, 149, 152, 153, 171, 376, 377, 395, 490

    • object 373, 376, 377, 395, 450, 451, 467

    • plural 373, 376, 377, 395, 467

    • singular 373, 376, 377, 395, 467

    • subject 132, 133, 149, 152, 153, 171, 373, 376, 377, 395

  • punctuation

    • commas 518

    • exclamation points 59

    • periods 8, 44, 59

    • question marks 59

    • quotation marks 102

  • sentence

    • combining 515, 537

    • command 44, 45, 59

    • complete 88, 89, 103, 500, 501, 515

    • complex 540, 541, 559

    • compound 518, 519

    • exclamation 59

    • fragment 515, 559

    • question 26, 27, 41, 59

    • run-on 537

    • simple 500, 541

    • statement 8, 9, 23, 26, 27, 41, 44, 45, 59, 500

  • spelling

    • final consonant 70, 85

    • plurals 70, 71, 85

  • subjects 88, 89, 103, 106, 107, 356, 376, 377, 500, 501, 515, 540

  • subject-verb agreement 106, 107, 121

    • verbs 88, 106, 107, 470, 471, 540

    • action 88, 121, 356

    • be 8, 9, 106, 107, 302, 303, 321

    • do 106, 107

    • have 106, 107, 302, 303, 321

    • helping 174, 175, 193

    • irregular 324, 325, 345, 470

    • is 8, 9, 106

    • main 174

    • past participle 470, 471

    • past tense 282, 283, 299, 302, 303, 321, 324, 325, 345

    • present participle 470, 471

    • present tense 282, 283, 299, 302, 303, 321, 324, 325, 345

    • regular 321, 345, 470

Listening & speaking

• Activities

  • conversation 131, 133, 149

  • discussion 22, 37, 39, 61, 67, 81, 84, 86, 91, 101, 120, 123, 133, 168, 170, 189, 191, 192, 195, 223, 224, 244, 245, 269, 273, 297, 301, 303, 317, 321, 341, 354, 372, 396, 399, 415, 417, 419, 426, 446, 464, 469, 471, 485, 486, 487, 491, 512, 513, 534, 535, 537, 556, 561

  • dramatize 195, 245, 372, 535

  • give precise directions 57, 513

  • informational presentation 58, 148, 246, 296, 319, 343, 465, 536

  • interview 171, 247, 298, 317, 415, 501

  • narrative presentation 393

  • persuasive presentation 488

  • read aloud 3, 5, 19, 55, 65, 67, 99, 117, 127, 129, 145, 167, 189, 191, 200, 201, 203, 221, 243, 244, 267, 268, 269, 277, 295, 317, 341, 351, 353, 369, 391, 413, 423, 425, 443, 444, 463, 485, 495, 497, 533, 555

  • recite 514

  • retell a story 169, 539, 541, 557, 558

  • role-play 45, 193, 208, 247, 270, 273, 281, 298, 317, 347, 357, 399, 489, 515

  • tell about a story 271

• Strategies

  • listen for a purpose 3, 7, 25, 27, 43, 65, 69, 87, 101, 102, 103, 105, 120, 131, 151, 173, 200, 205, 227, 249, 277, 281, 298, 301, 323, 351, 355, 357, 375, 397, 399, 444, 449, 469, 487, 488, 499, 513, 515, 539, 541

  • organize ideas effectively 58, 148, 246, 319, 344, 465

  • respond to audience questions 147, 246

  • speak clearly 39, 40, 147, 148, 245, 270, 298, 319, 372, 488, 519

    • appropriate language 501

    • body language 23, 245, 514

    • eye contact 40, 298, 488, 519

    • facial expressions 372, 541, 559

    • gestures 319, 541, 559

    • intonation 298, 514, 519, 541

    • nonverbal cues 23, 40, 245, 298, 319, 372, 488, 514, 541, 559

    • pace 58, 298, 488, 514

    • standard grammatical forms 89

    • volume 58, 147, 270, 372, 514, 519

Viewing & Representing

• Viewing

  • analyze visuals

    • charts 35, 460

    • diagram 458

    • graphs 98

    • maps 32, 140, 158, 366

  • critical viewing 0, 62, 196, 307, 308, 309, 311, 312, 314, 348, 381, 383, 384, 387, 389, 492

    • character 308, 309, 384

    • design 307, 312, 381, 389

    • mood 387

    • setting 311, 383

• Representing

  • create visuals 61, 123, 195, 347, 373, 419, 491

    • brochure 123